This guide presents information on the design of slabs-on-ground ON ACI 318R, primarily industrial floors. It addresses the planning, design, and detailing of slabs. Background information on design theories is followed by discussion of the types of slabs, soil-support systems, loadings, and jointing. Design methods are given for unreinforced concrete, reinforced concrete, shrinkage-compensating concrete, post-tensioned concrete, fiber-reinforced concrete slabs-on-ground, and slabs-on-ground in refrigerated buildings, followed by information on shrinkage and curling.
Advantages and disadvantages of these slab design methods are provided, including the ability of some slab designs to minimize cracking and curling more than others. Even with the best slab designs and proper construction, it is unrealistic to expect crack-free and curl-free floors. Every owner should be advised by the designer and contractor that it is normal to expect some cracking and curling on every project. This does not necessarily reflect adversely on the adequacy of the floor’s design or quality of construction. Design examples are given.
Keywords: curling; design; floors-on-ground; grade floors; industrial floors; joints; load types; post-tensioned concrete; reinforcement (steel, fibers); shrinkage; shrinkage-compensating; slabs; slabs-on-ground; soil mechanics; warping.
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DOCUMENT DETAILS
Author: ACI Committee 360
Publication Year: 2010
Pages: 72
ISBN: 9780870313714
Categories: Slabs
Formats: Printed Document or Protected PDF
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter 1—Introduction
1.1—Purpose and scope
1.2—Work of ACI Committee 360 and other relevant committees
1.3—Work of non-ACI organizations
1.4—Design theories for slabs-on-ground
1.5—Construction document information
1.6—Further research
Chapter 2—Definitions
2.1—Definitions
Chapter 3—Slab types
3.1—Introduction
3.2—Slab types
3.3—General comparison of slab types
3.4—Design and construction variables
3.5—Conclusion
Chapter 4—Soil support systems for slabs-on-ground
4.1—Introduction
4.2—Geotechnical engineering reports
4.3—Subgrade classification
4.4—Modulus of subgrade reaction
4.5—Design of slab-support system
4.6—Site preparation
4.7—Inspection and site testing of slab support
4.8—Special slab-on-ground support problems
Chapter 5—Loads
5.1—Introduction
5.2—Vehicular loads
5.3—Concentrated loads
5.4—Distributed loads
5.5—Line and strip loads
5.6—Unusual loads
5.7—Construction loads
5.8—Environmental factors
5.9—Factors of safety
Chapter 6—Joints
6.1—Introduction
6.2—Load-transfer mechanisms
6.3—Sawcut contraction joints
6.4—Joint protection
6.5—Joint filling and sealing
Chapter 7—Design of unreinforced concrete slabs
7.1—Introduction
7.2—Thickness design methods
7.3—Shear transfer at joints
7.4—Maximum joint spacing
Chapter 8—Design of slabs reinforced for crack-width control
8.1—Introduction
8.2—Thickness design methods
8.3—Reinforcement for crack-width control only
Chapter 9—Design of shrinkage-compensating concrete slabs
9.1—Introduction
9.2—Thickness determination
9.3—Reinforcement
9.4—Other considerations
Chapter 10—Design of post-tensioned slabs-on-ground
10.1—Introduction
10.2—Applicable design procedures
10.3—Slabs post-tensioned for crack control
10.4—Industrial slabs with post-tensioned reinforcement for structural support
Chapter 11—Fiber-reinforced concrete slabs-on-ground
11.1—Introduction
11.2—Synthetic fiber reinforcement
11.3—Steel fiber reinforcement
Chapter 12—Structural slabs-on-ground supporting building code loads
12.1—Introduction
12.2—Design considerations
Chapter 13—Design of slabs for refrigerated facilities
13.1—Introduction
13.2—Design and specification considerations
13.3—Temperature drawdown
Chapter 14—Reducing effects of slab shrinkage and curling
14.1—Introduction
14.2—Drying and thermal shrinkage
14.3—Curling and warping
14.4—Factors that affect shrinkage and curling
14.5—Compressive strength and shrinkage
14.6—Compressive strength and abrasion resistance
14.7—Removing restraints to shrinkage
14.8—Base and vapor retarders/barriers
14.9—Distributed reinforcement to reduce curling and number of joints
14.10—Thickened edges to reduce curling
14.11—Relation between curing and curling
14.12—Warping stresses in relation to joint spacing
14.13—Warping stresses and deformation
14.14—Effect of eliminating sawcut contraction joints with post-tensioning or shrinkage-compensating concrete
14.15—Summary and conclusions
Chapter 15—References
15.1—Referenced standards and reports
15.2—Cited references
Appendix 1—Design examples using Portland Cement Association method
A1.1—Introduction
A1.2—The PCA thickness design for single-axle load
A1.3—The PCA thickness design for slab with post loading
A1.4—Other PCA design information
Appendix 2—Slab thickness design by Wire Reinforcement Institute method
A2.1—Introduction
A2.2—The WRI thickness selection for single-axle wheel load
A2.3—The WRI thickness selection for aisle moment due to uniform loading
Appendix 3—Design examples using Corps of Engineers’ charts
A3.1—Introduction
A3.2—Vehicle wheel loading
A3.3—Heavy lift truck loading
Appendix 4—Slab design using post-tensioning
A4.1—Design example: Post-tensioning to minimize cracking
A4.2—Design example: Equivalent tensile stress design
Appendix 5—Design example using shrinkagecompensating concrete
A5.1—Introduction
A5.2—Example selecting the optimum amount of reinforcement to maximize the compressive stress in the
concrete where the slab thickness, the joint spacing, and prism expansion are known
Appendix 6—Design examples for steel FRC slabs-on- ground using yield line method
A6.1—Introduction
A6.2—Assumptions and design criteria
Appendix 7—Construction document information
A7.1—Introduction
A7.2—Example design criteria
A7.3—Typical details
Conversion factors
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